Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: During most of the autumn of 2022, the standard maintenance presentation of parenteral semaglutide (1.0 mg for weekly dosage) was temporarily unavailable. Many of the patients using this dose were switched to the standard maintenance dose of oral semaglutide (14 mg daily). The leaflet included with the product specifies that the 14 mg daily oral dose is equivalent to the 0.5 mg parenteral weekly dose, but this is most likely an interpolation, as there are no repo...

Introduction/Aim: New oral anticoagulant drugs such as the factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban are often preferred to the classic coumarins because they do not need frequent blood-test monitoring and have fever interactions with other drugs and foodstuffs. They are not, however, interaction free. Rivaroxaban is metabolized by oxidative degradation catalyzed by CYP3A4/5 and CYP2J2; it is also a substrate of the P-gp and ABCG2 efflux transporter proteins. CYP3A4 activity enhancers s...

Introduction: Acromegaly is associated with many different types of benign and malign neoplasm, putatively because of the chronic elevation of IGF-1. Colorectal, thyroid and breast neoplasms are well-established associations; there are many other possible ones, such as prostatic and uterine neoplasms, meningioma, leukemia, lymphoma, renal, pulmonary, esophageal and gastric tumors. Also in the context of MEN-1, parathyroid and pancreatic neoplasms are associated with acromegaly...

Objective: Functional hypercortisolism associated with alcohol abuse is an infrequently diagnosed entity of unknown prevalence. Ethanol elicits hypothalamic oversecretion of CRH with subsequent increase in ACTH and cortisol. It may simulate Cushing’s disease both clinically and biochemically but there are no anatomic lesions and the diagnosis is confirmed by normalization of the biochemical pattern after at least 1 month of abstinence from alcohol. We hereby report a clin...

Introduction: Empagliflozin has a well-established anti-albuminuric effect in patients with T2DM, but in almost all available trials the baseline blood pressure was well controlled with SB P<140 mmHg. We analyzed the impact of empagliflozin treatment in patients with T2DM and uncontrolled hypertension, and its relationship with the changes in HbA1c and SBP.Methods: Retrospective analysis of the albuminuria, SBP and HbA1c data in patients wit...

Introduction: It has been reported that patients with obesity and T2DM treated with oral semaglutide not only have a reduced total caloric input, but they also tend to reduce the proportion of fatty and sweet foodstuffs in an ad libitum diet. A modest improvement in the lipid profile of patients with obesity and T2DM treated with oral semaglutide has been reported, but its dependence on weight loss is not well established. We undertook to study the mediation effect of...

Introduction: We have recently reported that the use of cyproterone acetate (CPA) is associated with a highly significant increase of the risk of hypertension development after 5 years (adjusted hazard ratio 0.227, P< 0.001) in young transgender women. Due to the risks associated with the prolonged use of CPA (including the development of meningioma), the EMA presently recommends avoiding the use of doses > 10 mg CPA daily if possible. In fact, acceptable effi...

Introduction: Extended-release (ER) metformin has been available in many countries for the last two decades, and it may have definite advantages vs. conventional (i.e., immediate-release) metformin: Reportedly, it may reduce gastrointestinal adverse effects by about half, thus increasing compliance; moreover, the once-a-day schedule may contribute to increased adherence and persistence, and hopefully improved outcomes. However, ER metformin was unavailable in Spain until 2022:...

Introduction: Although usually considered as benign tumors, cavernous hemangiomas are venous malformations due to endothelial dysmorphogenesis and not true neoplasias. They are usually asymptomatic but occasionally can cause compressive symptoms or serious internal bleeding. They may arise in almost any vascularised organ, but their presentation in an adrenal gland is highly infrequent, and can masquerade as pheochromocytoma, adrenal carcinoma or metastatic malignant lesion.</...